Un aspect peu connu de la francophonie canadienne de l'Ouest : le français hexagonal
Year:
2006
Author :
Volume and number:
, 37
Collection:
, 2
Journal:
, Revue de l'Université de Moncton
Pages :
, 133-147
Abstract
L'un des aspects les moins connus de l'histoire de la francophonie de l'Ouest canadien est sa complexité, due en grande partie au fait qu'elle découle de trois souches distinctes: premièrement les Mitchifs, descendants des premiers coureurs des bois, suivis un siècle plus tard des colons venant soit directement du Bas-Canada soit des états américains où les Canadiens s'étaient déjà établis (les états de la Nouvelle-Angleterre et certains états du Midwest), troisièmement, la présence relativement importante, dans certaines communautés rurales, de colons francophones venus de France, de Belgique et de Suisse. Ces colons sont arrivés dans l'Ouest à partir des années 1880 et ont continué de s'y installer jusqu'aux années 1930. Ces agriculteurs, éleveurs ou simples ouvriers, ont fondé plusieurs communautés où ils étaient fortement majoritaires; ailleurs, ils se sont installés dans des communautés francophones en nombre suffisant pour représenter une influence certaine et durable sur le vernaculaire local. Dans cette étude, nous nous arrêterons brièvement à l'histoire de quelques-uns de ces villages et passerons en revue les études linguistiques peu nombreuses qui se sont intéressées à ce phénomène unique au Canada.
One of the little known aspects of the history of "la francophonie" in Western Canada is its inherent complexity, due largely to the fact that it is based on three distinct sources: first, the Mitchifs, descendants of the early "coureurs des bois", followed nearly a century later by colonists coming either directly from Lower Canada or from the American states where the French-Canadians had already settled (the New England states and the Midwest), and third, the relatively important presence, in a number of rural communities, of colonists from France, Belgium and Switzerland. These French-speaking colonists began arriving in the West from the 1880s on and continued doing so until the 1930s. These immigrants were mostly farmers, stockbreeders or blue collar workers and they founded a number of communities where they constituted an important majority or they settled in already established French-speaking villages in sufficient num-bers to exert a noticeable and durable influence on the local vernacular speech. In this study, we briefly review the history of a number of these communities and describe the few linguistic descriptions that have been made of this unique phenomenon in Canada.
One of the little known aspects of the history of "la francophonie" in Western Canada is its inherent complexity, due largely to the fact that it is based on three distinct sources: first, the Mitchifs, descendants of the early "coureurs des bois", followed nearly a century later by colonists coming either directly from Lower Canada or from the American states where the French-Canadians had already settled (the New England states and the Midwest), and third, the relatively important presence, in a number of rural communities, of colonists from France, Belgium and Switzerland. These French-speaking colonists began arriving in the West from the 1880s on and continued doing so until the 1930s. These immigrants were mostly farmers, stockbreeders or blue collar workers and they founded a number of communities where they constituted an important majority or they settled in already established French-speaking villages in sufficient num-bers to exert a noticeable and durable influence on the local vernacular speech. In this study, we briefly review the history of a number of these communities and describe the few linguistic descriptions that have been made of this unique phenomenon in Canada.
Theme :
Official Language CommunitiesFrancophones
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