In the context of international migration, this article explores different ways of categorizing individuals as Francophone immigrants established in Nova Scotia, Canada. The analysis proposed primarily relies on processes of economic and social inclusion. An examination of inclusion requires that we also look at processes of social exclusion. Selected statistics from Canadian census data from 2001 to 2016 are studied to identify issues underlying the use of certain social categories rather than others. An overall statistical portrait of Francophone immigration in this Atlantic Canadian province is outlined, and another interpretation of social stratification is proposed for Nova Scotia, by linking this conceptual breakdown to the daily use of the French language.