L'État et les minorités; de la domination à l'autonomie
Year:
1994
Author :
Volume and number:
, 26
Collection:
, 1
Journal:
, Sociologie et sociétés
Pages :
, 133-153
Abstract
L'État occupe plusieurs fonctions dans les sociétés capitalistes avancées. Sa structure même, et plus encore ses divers programmes, est l'enjeu de tensions entre les fractions de la bourgeoisie dans un premier temps, et des luttes entre la bourgeoisie et les groupes dominés dans un deuxième. La ligne de démarcation et de confrontation entre ces groupes progresse et recule au fil des ans. Les minorités francophones du Canada ne font pas exception à cette articulation à l'État. Il est donc très utile d'analyser la situation des francophones de la Saskatchewan, qui, malgré une situation linguistique des plus précaire, obtiennent en 1988 deux ententes formelles avec le gouvernement fédéral. Suite à l'une de ces ententes, la communauté fransaskoise se dotait d'une stratégie provinciale de développement. Cet article analyse les répercussions de cette stratégie et de l'entente sur les rapports entre les Fransaskois, en tant que groupe dominé, et l'État. Nous concluons que les contradictions inhérentes à une telle entente permettent au groupe dominé une autonomie et une prise de contrôle de sa situation accrues tout en risquant de l'imbriquer davantage dans les structures et les rouages de l'État.
The State fills several functions in advanced capitalist societies. Its structure, and its programs even more so, are at issue firstly in the tensions between the different parts of the bourgeoisie, and secondly in the struggles between the bourgeoisie and dominated groups. The line of demarcation and of confrontation between these groups progresses and retreats over the years. Francophone minorities in Canada are no exception to this structuring of the State. It is therefore very useful to analyze the situation of Francophones in Saskatchewan who, despite a most precarious linguistic situation, obtained two formal agreements from the federal government in 1988. Following on these agreements, the Franco-Saskatchewan community developed a provincial development strategy. This paper analyzes the repercussions of this strategy and of the Agreement on relations between Franco-Saskatchewans as a dominated group and the State. We conclude that the contradictions inherent in such an agreement allow a dominated group greater autonomy and control over its situation while presenting the risk of closer links to the structures and the wheels of the State.
The State fills several functions in advanced capitalist societies. Its structure, and its programs even more so, are at issue firstly in the tensions between the different parts of the bourgeoisie, and secondly in the struggles between the bourgeoisie and dominated groups. The line of demarcation and of confrontation between these groups progresses and retreats over the years. Francophone minorities in Canada are no exception to this structuring of the State. It is therefore very useful to analyze the situation of Francophones in Saskatchewan who, despite a most precarious linguistic situation, obtained two formal agreements from the federal government in 1988. Following on these agreements, the Franco-Saskatchewan community developed a provincial development strategy. This paper analyzes the repercussions of this strategy and of the Agreement on relations between Franco-Saskatchewans as a dominated group and the State. We conclude that the contradictions inherent in such an agreement allow a dominated group greater autonomy and control over its situation while presenting the risk of closer links to the structures and the wheels of the State.
Theme :
Acculturation of minoritiesCultural autonomyCommunity developmentFrancophonesLinguistic minoritiesSociology
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